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Removal of phosphorus in denitrifying bioreactor
Chlopčíková, Anna ; Hrich, Karel (referee) ; Malá, Jitka (advisor)
Nitrogen and phosphorus are involved in many processes on the Planet Earth. Especially in agricultural areas water is contaminated by nutrients, which can cause the eutrophication of surface waters, and other problems. The solution could be use of denitrifying bioreactors, which are used for the reduction of high nitrate concentrations in shallow groundwaters. The subject of the thesis was the study of phosphorus removal in the denitrification bioreactor by steel turnings, which are constituent part of the organic load of the bioreactor. Steel turnings release Fe, which causes the precipitation and adsorption of P. Eight bioreactors were filled with poplar woodchips. To these columns just above the surface were added model water enriched with nitrate nitrogen, phosphate phosphate was added to 4 columns, where two of them were enhanced by the addition of steel turnings upstream of the wood medium. Sampling and the analyses of the samples were determined weekly, determination of the phosphorus, iron and other substances necessary for the detection of processes in the bioreactor was performed. The dependence of phosphorus removal on the bioreactor operating conditions was evaluated based on measured data, and the effect of iron on the biological denitrification process was also assessed. Steel turnings have been found to be effective in removing TP, but it is necessary to solve iron leaching in the future. The concentration of phosphorus was reduced up to 0 mg/l on the effluent from the denitrification bioreactors, efficiency of phosphorus removal reached 100 %. The presence of steel chips had no effect on denitrification speed. The denitrification process was also successful in the phosphorus removal columns. From the point of view of leaching of substances and iron, the removal of N and P seems to be preferable in dry period during stoppage with no water fillings. Shutdown of bioreactors with flooded filling caused high concentrations of leached iron up to 149 mg/l
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Optimization of full-scale denitrifying bioreactor design
Novotná, Klára ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (referee) ; Malá, Jitka (advisor)
By leaching from agricultural areas, high concentrations of nitrates enter rivers and groundwater. Denitrifying bioreactors are one of the possibilities to reduce pollution intake into water. The aim of this thesis is to optimize design of a full-scale denitrifying bioreactor in the Czech Republic. In the theoretical part, the denitrification process and the technology of denitrifying bioreactors are characterized. Furthermore, existing methodological documents dealing with their design are presented and the influence of design parameters on the performance of the bioreactor is described. In the practical part of the thesis, a denitrifying bioreactor is designed near the village of Němčice in the South Moravian Region. For this purpose, based on the already existing methodology of Hrich et al. (2018), an optimized methodology for the design of denitrifying bioreactor parameters was developed using the knowledge from the theoretical part. For a target flow rate of 17.4 l.s-1, a bioreactor with a 1:1 aspect ratio, a trapezoidal cross-section in both directions and a 422 m3 woodchip volume was designed. The bioreactor occupies 0,05 % of the drained area.
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Nitrate removal from agricultural runoff
Schrimpelová, Kateřina ; Šálek,, JAN (referee) ; Drtil,, Miloslav (referee) ; Malá, Jitka (advisor)
The increasing concentration of nitrates in surface water and groundwater is becoming a global problem. The dissertation thesis is focused on the denitrifying bioreactors with organic fill material designed for the reduction of nitrate input from agricultural areas in the Czech Republic. A set of laboratory experiments was performed – static leaching tests and column tests, including chemical analyses of outflow water and ecotoxicological bioassays. Seven materials common in the Czech Republic, various process parameters, types and lengths of bioreactor shutdown in dry periods and the use of outflow water for irrigation were tested. The thesis deals with both denitrification efficiency and ways of reducing negative effects. An evaluation of the overall effect bioreactors is included along with a prediction regarding leaching over the following years.
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Nitrate removal from agricultural runoff
Schrimpelová, Kateřina ; Šálek,, JAN (referee) ; Drtil,, Miloslav (referee) ; Malá, Jitka (advisor)
The increasing concentration of nitrates in surface water and groundwater is becoming a global problem. The dissertation thesis is focused on the denitrifying bioreactors with organic fill material designed for the reduction of nitrate input from agricultural areas in the Czech Republic. A set of laboratory experiments was performed – static leaching tests and column tests, including chemical analyses of outflow water and ecotoxicological bioassays. Seven materials common in the Czech Republic, various process parameters, types and lengths of bioreactor shutdown in dry periods and the use of outflow water for irrigation were tested. The thesis deals with both denitrification efficiency and ways of reducing negative effects. An evaluation of the overall effect bioreactors is included along with a prediction regarding leaching over the following years.
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Removal of phosphorus in denitrifying bioreactor
Chlopčíková, Anna ; Hrich, Karel (referee) ; Malá, Jitka (advisor)
Nitrogen and phosphorus are involved in many processes on the Planet Earth. Especially in agricultural areas water is contaminated by nutrients, which can cause the eutrophication of surface waters, and other problems. The solution could be use of denitrifying bioreactors, which are used for the reduction of high nitrate concentrations in shallow groundwaters. The subject of the thesis was the study of phosphorus removal in the denitrification bioreactor by steel turnings, which are constituent part of the organic load of the bioreactor. Steel turnings release Fe, which causes the precipitation and adsorption of P. Eight bioreactors were filled with poplar woodchips. To these columns just above the surface were added model water enriched with nitrate nitrogen, phosphate phosphate was added to 4 columns, where two of them were enhanced by the addition of steel turnings upstream of the wood medium. Sampling and the analyses of the samples were determined weekly, determination of the phosphorus, iron and other substances necessary for the detection of processes in the bioreactor was performed. The dependence of phosphorus removal on the bioreactor operating conditions was evaluated based on measured data, and the effect of iron on the biological denitrification process was also assessed. Steel turnings have been found to be effective in removing TP, but it is necessary to solve iron leaching in the future. The concentration of phosphorus was reduced up to 0 mg/l on the effluent from the denitrification bioreactors, efficiency of phosphorus removal reached 100 %. The presence of steel chips had no effect on denitrification speed. The denitrification process was also successful in the phosphorus removal columns. From the point of view of leaching of substances and iron, the removal of N and P seems to be preferable in dry period during stoppage with no water fillings. Shutdown of bioreactors with flooded filling caused high concentrations of leached iron up to 149 mg/l
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